You could brute-force this problem by multiplying b by itself e - 1 times, but it is important to have fast (efficient) algorithms for this process. In cryptography, the numbers involved are usually ...

Have you ever wondered how to calculate exponentiation? Also known as “raising a number to a power,” this mathematical operation proves essential in many areas, such as computer science and ...

Abstract: Modular exponentiation with a large modulus, which is usually accomplished by repeated modular multiplications, has been widely used in public key cryptosystems for secured data ...

Abstract: Semi-tensor product of matrices (STP of matrices) is a new matrix product and has been successfully applied to many fields, especially to logical dynamic systems. This paper considers how to ...