Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

The advent of all‐optical modulation format conversion techniques has fundamentally reshaped modern optical communications. These techniques enable the direct manipulation of optical signals in their ...

Over the past decades, engineers have introduced numerous technologies that rely on light and its underlying characteristics.

Power-density improvements are an increasingly elusive goal as designers exhaust the easiest or most obvious solutions. One direction that’s now being explored more thoroughly is advanced modulation ...

Receive fundamental information on analog and digital modulation methods by requesting this pocket guide. The guide also provides important signal generator specifications and parameters that should ...