Probability is a measure of how likely an event is to occur within a specific range of possible outcomes. While it is often associated with gambling, probability theory plays a vital role in various ...

Sample space is a term used in mathematics to mean all possible outcomes. For example, the sample space for rolling a normal dice is {1,2,3,4,5,6} as these are all the only outcomes we can obtain. The ...

Probability is a fundamental concept in mathematics and statistics that deals with the likelihood of events occurring. It provides a framework for quantifying uncertainty and making predictions based ...

Probability is a measure of the likelihood of events happening. The greater the proportion of times an event can happen the greater (or more likely) the probability. Events can be ordered by the ...

When sampling from a finite population there is often auxiliary information available on unit level. Such information can be used to improve the estimation of the target parameter. We show that ...

The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 82, No. 4 (Winter 2018), pp. 707-744 (38 pages) Many studies in various countries have found that telephone and internet surveys of probability samples yielded data ...

Statistics are often estimated from a sample rather than from the entire population. If the inclusion probability of the sample is unknown to the researcher, that is, a nonprobability sample, naively ...